Dinosaurs in Emmitsburg

Dinosaurs began to be recognized by paleontologists as the creatures that they were in the early 1800s.  In 1895, the Provincial Annals included a note about the local community and the scientific field of paleontology: 

“These few days past the men have been removing two large slabs from Avenue side walk.  One is destined for the Johns Hopkins’s University, the other for our own cabinet.  Prof. Mitchell of the Mountain [Mount St. Mary’s University] is the one who is securing these singular geological specimens.  They have long been objects of the Sisters’ curiosity & comment as they promenade up and down the Avenue in summer evening recreation.  They bear the impression of many feet of different kinds & sizes, pre-historic creatures that lived O many & many age ago!  The Professor’s interest in our quarry from where these slabs were taken led him.  His opinion is that all this land round about ages & ages ago formed an estuary, the mountains were its shores.”

The slabs documented by Dr. James A. Mitchell were the first dinosaur prints from Maryland to be announced in a scientific publication.

In the spirit of this time period, the cabinet referred to was a “cabinet of curiosities,” sort of a predecessor to a modern-day museum exhibit.  It was housed in the Burlando Building of St. Joseph’s Academy, the school thatthe Daughters operated.  Later, it was on display, in a deep historical anachronism, in the Stone House on campus where the community had begun in 1809. 

Dr. Mitchell made sketches of the slabs.  Then the slabs went missing.

In 1990, a group of maintenance workers discovered a slab in a crate with fossilized footprints in an old barn on campus.  The search was sparked by Dr. Peter Kranz, who was tracking Mitchell’s work from 100 years before.  In 1998, the slab was put on permanent display in the Maryland Science Center.  Before it was moved from Emmitsburg to Baltimore, the Sisters and employees in Emmitsburg could see it for themselves, privately and up close. 

The Maryland Science Center performed their own analysis on the footprints, identifying them as coming from:

“several dinosaurs who walked across it during the Triassic period, 210 million years ago.  Scientists are not certain exactly which type of dinosaur made the tracks….They were small, plant-eating dinosaurs, about the size of a turkey.  They were ornithischian dinosaurs, and had hip skeletons somewhat like that of birds [This time period in the 1990s is when the theory of dinosaur to bird evolution started to receive wide acceptance].  They usually walked on two legs (‘bi-pedal’), but occasionally dropped down to walk on four legs part of the time.”

Theorized sketches of the dinosaurs created by the Maryland Science Center

With the level of excitement of such a find, it was natural to assume that the same tracks that Mitchell and the Sisters set eyes on in the 1890s had been rediscovered.  However, based on his sketches, this is not the same slab, but an entirely different set of fossilized dinosaur tracks.  It appears the slab once sent to Johns Hopkins has been lost as well.

The discovery and transfer of the fossils were widely covered in the local media, and they went on display at the Maryland Science Center in the aftermath of the first two Jurassic Park films. They remain on display now in the “Dinosaur Mysteries” exhibit.

Sister Betty Ann McNeil overseeing the shipment of the slab out of Emmitsburg
Fossilized footprints on display at Maryland Science Center (Courtesy MD Science Center)

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Filed under Emmitsburg, Exhibits, James Mitchell, Ph.D., Mount St. Mary's University

New Project: The Saint Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton Family Papers

We are happy to announce the launch of one of our America 250 Projects, celebrating the many, many legacies of the United States in the years surrounding the 250th anniversary of America’s independence in 2026.

Mother Seton, Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton, adopted and modified the Vincentian rule for the United States. Her community laid the foundation for six separate communities of apostolic religious women to commence world-changing service to those in need, among them being the Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, with whom the Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph’s joined in 1850. Her virtuous life and her groundbreaking work led to her becoming the first native-born canonized American citizen in 1975.

The legacy of charity and groundbreaking work in education continues through the Sisters of Charity Federation.

Along with our partners at DePaul University, we have begun to digitize the entirety of Mother Seton and her entire family’s writings, so that they may be searchable and usable to researchers, discerners, and the general public in the most timely way possible. For the writings in the English language, full transcription is provided. (If you would like to volunteer to help provide translation for French, Italian, and Latin writings, please reach out via email at archives@doc.org).

This will not be an easy project. The materials from Box 1 of the collection are now available – for the record, there are 34 more boxes. While the work will extend past the Semiquincentennial year of 2026, accessibility of these materials will as well, and we hope this can be a lasting impact of the Seton Legacy.

We welcome all visitors to the site!: https://via.library.depaul.edu/seton_family_papers/

Sincerely, the Staff at the Daughters of Charity Provincial Archives, Emmitsburg, Maryland.

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Filed under Announcements, Archives, DePaul University, Digitized Collections, Elizabeth Ann Seton

The Sisters of Charity and Venerable Pierre Toussaint

There are currently six African Americans on the pathway to sainthood.  One of them, Ven. Pierre Toussaint (1766-1853), shares a connection with the early Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph’s.

Toussaint arrived in New York City from Haiti with his enslavers in 1787.  He was permitted to work and earn money for himself as a hairdresser, becoming renowned for his skill and able to command high prices from the upper classes for his work.  When his Mistress died in 1807, he was freed through her last will and testament.  His renown grew through his connections with different members of society – the upper native classes through his work, the immigrants from the Francophone world through his mother tongue, and the Black community – both free and enslaved – through his race and life experience.  Upon his freedom, he took the last name Toussaint in honor of Toussaint L’Ouverture, hero of the Haitian Revolution. 

Toussaint’s financial success and Catholic faith inspired him to give back.  Among other charities, he was a major visitor and contributor to the Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum on Prince Street, an orphan asylum that had been run by the Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph’s since 1817.  His special concern for this cause likely came from the death of his sister, after which he took in his niece to raise her.  At one time, his donations totaled one-third of all the yearly donations of the Asylum.  This is in spite of the Orphan Asylum being, at the time, for white children only.

Among the other causes that he championed, Toussaint showed particular concern for refugees, particularly those who spoke French.  He also founded the first Catholic school for Black children in New York City, located at the Parish of St. Vincent de Paul, the city’s Francophone parish at the time. 

Toussaint was known for attending daily Mass at St. Peter’s, which was Mother Seton’s parish during her New York years! 

In 1846, the Sisters in New York City and Brooklyn withdrew from Mother Seton’s community to form the Sisters of Charity of New York, who inherited the community’s history in the Metro area up until that time.  In 1850, members of the Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph’s joined with the French Daughters of Charity, and a separate group of Sisters formed the Sisters of Charity of Cincinnati.  The New York Orphan’s Asylum forms part of the core history of the Sisters of Charity of New York and therefore, of the shared history of Mother Seton’s Daughters.

A meeting of the Sisters of Charity Federation, sometime after 1953, in front of the plaque to Pierre at Old St. Patrick’s Cathedral. 

In 1990, for his role in helping the Catholic Charities of the city survive in their early days, Toussaint was re-interred to the crypt of St. Patrick’s Cathedral.  He is the only layperson so honored.  He was declared venerable in 1996.  The Pierre Toussaint Guild and Office of Black Ministry of the New York Archdiocese actively engages in charity and sponsorship projects that they believe Toussaint would support today.

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Filed under African American History, Sisters of Charity Federation, Sisters of Charity of New York, Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph's