The Emmitsburg Plant Books

In the age of Laudato Si, we are reminded of the value of knowing what our common home looks like, and part of this is knowing the level of biodiversity in our environment.  The Sisters and Daughters of Charity who ministered at St. Joseph’s Academy and at their Provincial house throughout the 19th century did not go into extensive detail on trees, plants, and ecology around them.  Thankfully, some of their students did.

The Archives has five books, each containing a collection of pressed leaves and flowers of various plant species found in the area, along with the scientific name of each plant.  The books range in date from 1806 to 1874.

The typical page from one of these books consists of one or several samples cut and pasted into the books and its scientific name.

This page consists of Salvia Splendens and Salvia patens, or red and blue sage.

The scrapbooks provide evidence of the education Academy students were receiving, both in Latin and in plants and botany.  While many of the plants are native, several of them are not, indicating some type of cultivation.  One of the books even contains a chart of the plants, including its count, scientific, and common name, as well as more information on its taxonomical classification.

From 1807

Seeing as some of the books predate Mother Seton’s founding of her school in Emmitsburg in 1809, it is unclear exactly how some of the earliest books came to the collections.  Others, however, have clear provenance and direct connection to Emmitsburg, as the one created by Mary O’Rourke, class of 1874, sent by her husband and daughter after her passing.

We are in the process of scanning these books, first and foremost as a conservation measure.  Decaying plant matter does not typically do well for conservation and holding up well, as anyone familiar with trees, soil, gardening, or nutrients will tell you.  The plant samples are also incredibly fragile, made dry and brittle by over a century (sometimes two) of survival.  Scanning will preserve the books in the state they are in now, at least in image form, in case more and more pieces get whittled away.  Currently, three of the five books have been scanned, and we are planning to make them available publicly through our colleagues at Digital Maryland.  Eventually, we will make the others available as well, but due to their size, we will need to work with third-party vendors with capabilities that we do not have on-site.

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Long Overdue Gratitude to the Oblate Sisters of Providence

The cholera epidemic of 1832 that swept through Baltimore killed 1% of the city’s population, which translated into 800 deaths.  The Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph’s, Mother Seton’s community, received recognition and gratitude for its work and service.  Another community of sisters did not receive their gratitude for a very, very long time, purely because they were Black.

The Oblate Sisters of Providence were the first community of African American women religious in the United States.  Founded by Venerable Mother Mary Lange and counting among its first band of members Sister Theresa Maxis Duchemin, a student of Mother Seton’s school, the Oblate Sisters primarily came from and ministered to the free African American community in the Baltimore area.

The only known photo of Mother Mary Lange, c. 1870s/80s

The Calverton Almshouse was one of the great horror sites of the epidemic.  The Sisters of Charity labored in one room providing comfort to the dying, while the Oblate Sisters labored in another; segregation prevented a more efficient and effective method of care.  Yet, despite this practice, when Archbishop James Whitefield contracted the disease, he called upon the Oblate Sisters rather than the Sisters of Charity, who held the official mandate for care granted by the Archdiocese. 

Calverton Almshouse (Courtesy Enoch Pratt Free Library / State Library Resource Center)

Despite facing the same horrors, and each community losing Sisters to cholera in the epidemic, the accounts in the Daughters’ Archives fail to mention the work of their Oblate companions.  Only in 2023 did the city of Baltimore extend an official recognition of gratitude to the Oblate Sisters. 

While better late than never is certainly true, it is our hope that all be recognized in their own times and to see the completeness of the work of God’s Church and every soul that forms it.

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Pioneers: Estelle Howard at Providence Hospital, Washington

Today we would like to highlight a pioneer at one of the Daughters largest and longest-lived institutions, Providence Hospital in Washington, D.C.  When Estelle Howard arrived at Providence to begin her career as a nurse, she became one of the first two Black nurses to work at the hospital.  She would spend the next 43 years at Providence, garnering a number of other pioneering firsts during her time there.

It was 1947 when Sister Rita Voss called the Freedman’s Hospital Nursing School and asked for the best two students in the graduating nursing class.  No white hospital had ever made such a request of Freedman’s before.

Expecting an interview, the two nurses were hired on the spot and asked if they were ready to work.  In 1951, Ms. Howard became head of a segregated ward, but as units desegregated, she became the first Black head nurse of an integrated unit.  She later rose to the ranks of Assistant Director of Nursing and Control Coordinator of the Emergency Unit.

Among her other accomplishments, roles, and titles at the job were those of a reporter for the employee newsletter and leadership positions in the District of Columbia’s Nurses Association.

Estelle Howard in 1963

In 1982, for her pioneering role and years of dedicated service, Ms. Howard was the inaugural winner of the Sr. Anne Robb Award, given to those who have shown dedication to Providence Hospital, above average performance and achievements, and perseverance in the face of difficulties.  Even after this lifetime achievement award, she served for another eight years at the hospital.  In her presentation of the award, Sister Irene Kraus called her “a model of a person who focuses on the good in life and people and refuses to be embittered or to respond in kind when she meets unkindness … Miss Howard has the unique ability over the years to be loyal and supportive of those she has worked with at every level.”

Estelle Howard and Sister Irene Kraus in 1982, when Ms. Howard received the Sister Anne Robb Award

Estelle Howard retired after exactly 43 years at Providence on April 23, 1990.  The hospital proclaimed it Estelle Louise Howard Day.  Her work made it possible for many others to pursue their career as they desired and to make nursing and the Hospital better for its administrators, doctors, nurses, and patients.  Even after her retirement, she continued to volunteer at the hospital.

Estelle Howard in 1990, near her retirement

Estelle Howard’s story is documented in the Archives through the various employee newsletters, photo collections, and a profile written about her in 1990, but we are also fortunate enough to have a copy of a life story that she wrote “And Now My Time at Bat Remembering” in 1999.  Although it is but a few brief pages, it allows her to tell her story in her own words and as she wished to, with deep reverence for her immediate and extended family and for the elder family members who can preserve and pass on Black family history.  It documents her ancestors’ leaving Alabama during the Great Migration and the forces growing up that shaped her life, including the town library, the Great Depression, and stories of family history in Louisiana.

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